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John R. Rice
John Richard Rice (December 11, 1895 – December 29, 1980) was a Baptist evangelist and pastor and the founding editor of ''The Sword of the Lord'', an influential fundamentalist newspaper.
==Childhood and education==
John R. Rice was born in Cooke County, Texas in 1895, the son of William H. and Sallie Elizabeth La Prade Rice, and the oldest of three brothers. Will Rice was a small businessman, a lay preacher, and a one-term state legislator "well respected in the community."〔Howard Edgar Moore, "The Emergence of Moderate Fundamentalism: John R. Rice and 'The Sword of the Lord,'" Ph.D. dissertation, George Washington University, 1990, 26.〕 (Will Rice was also a Mason, an Odd Fellow, and "an ardent Klansman"—all of which memberships his son later believed were "mistakes.")〔John R. Rice, ''Lodges examined by the Bible : is it sinful for a Christian to have membership in secret orders?'' Findlay, Ohio : Fundamental Truth Publishers, 1943(?), 45.〕 The death of John R. Rice's mother when he was six years old left a lasting mark on the man.〔"I remember the November day when we laid her body away….The rain beat down upon us and a friendly neighbor held an umbrella over our heads. O death! death! DEATH! All the years my lonely heart has known the reality of death." "What Will Happen When Jesus Comes?" ''The Sword of the Lord'' (December 3, 1943), 4.〕
At twelve Rice made a profession of faith and joined his parents' Southern Baptist Church. After being educated in public schools, he earned a teaching certificate and taught in a local primary school himself. In 1916 Rice entered Decatur Baptist College in Decatur, Texas, riding his cow pony 120 miles to get there. In 1918, he was drafted into the Army, but after his discharge the following year, he attended Baylor University, from which he graduated in 1920. Rice was attending graduate school at the University of Chicago and volunteering at the Pacific Garden Mission when he was called to the full-time ministry and returned to Texas.〔Rice later recalled that although he had participated in evangelistic ministry, he knew "very little about the Bible" and had "absorbed a great deal of evolutionary teaching" from his college courses. In 1921 he had a long conversation with William Jennings Bryan and realized that "both evolution and the Bible could not be true and that modernism was a deadly enemy of true Christianity." "Surrendered to Preach at Pacific Garden Mission: Dr. John R. Rice Tell About How He Came to be a Preacher," ''Sword of the Lord'', December 25, 2009), 3. Decatur Baptist College is now Dallas Baptist University).〕 He married Lloys McClure Cooke, whom he had met at Decatur, and shortly thereafter he entered Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary.
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